Agricultural machinery bid farewell to "Golden Decade" Good agricultural machinery for opening into crops

"China's sugar production costs are high and market competitiveness is weak. The production cost per ton of sugar cane is generally more than double that of Brazil and Thailand, of which labor costs account for nearly 50%."

As China's largest sugarcane producing area, Guangxi's sugar industry is deeply aware of the pain behind this “sweet business”.

"Last year, we independently developed a 300-horsepower sugarcane harvester, one equivalent of 500 labors, and the price is only half of that of foreign countries." Wang Jinfu, deputy president of the National People's Congress and Zhonglian Heavy Industry, told reporters this good news.

However, when asked about sales, the confident CEO just thought for a moment, and finally chose to open the topic...

In fact, Wang Jinfu’s reaction is not surprising. In the past ten years, China's agricultural machinery has gone through the “Golden Decade”, but now it faces the dilemma that high-end agricultural machinery cannot open the market, the low-end agricultural machinery capacity is seriously over-represented, subsidy policy disputes continue, and financial capital is not in place.

Looking back at the golden decade: two extremes are tearing

In 2015, the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation in China reached 63%, exceeding the target of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” by 3 percentage points; the total sales of agricultural machinery in the year reached more than 428 billion yuan, accounting for more than 60% of the world.

However, behind the dazzling data, there are two extreme tears: low-end products have excess capacity and low-end products are insufficient.

“Small and medium-sized tractors are saturated, most of the tractors produced are still state 2 engines, and the production capacity is seriously over-capacity. There are very few large and medium-sized tractors with automatic shifting or infinitely variable speed, intelligent operation processing system, low emission and more than 200 horsepower. It can only rely on imports." Hu Zhichao, deputy director of the Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, said.

“Our tractors are synchronized with foreign countries in terms of functions and technical indicators, but they are lost in reliability, ergonomics and intelligence.” Zhao Yishui, deputy of the National People’s Congress and chairman of China’s Yituo Group, told the truth, “Now product technology and quality. Upgrade has become a mandatory action for enterprises. In the future, to take the initiative in the market, we must accelerate the improvement of quality through intelligent manufacturing."

"Internet + modern agricultural machinery" has become the trend of foreign agricultural machinery development, Wang Jinfu is concerned about when "smart agriculture" can be put on the development agenda.

Zhao Yushui proposed to develop a special plan for intelligent agricultural data big data application, and use cloud computing, big data and other technologies to unify the application functions of agricultural machinery operation information and agricultural geographic information to the implementation of information platform to achieve centralized management of agricultural big data. And application.

Subsidy policy expectation: don't sprinkle any more pepper

"We have long developed the tractors of the national standard 3, but did not enjoy the subsidy, the price difference is 30%, the farmers are not willing to buy, the enthusiasm of the enterprise is also hit." Zhao Yishui's complaints caught the attention of reporters.

“The subsidy policy says that it is an advanced product, but it actually hits advanced products, or at least has a lagging effect.” He added: “For example, we develop a new product, but it requires effective performance to make up, then the latest development The product will not be able to make up."

Hu Zhichao believes that the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy has played an accelerator role in accelerating agricultural mechanization and accelerating the development of modern agriculture. However, there are many loopholes in the early system design, and therefore the system has been continuously adjusted and optimized, such as “price difference purchase” to “full price”. Purchases, "ad valorem subsidies" to "contract subsidies", subsidized catalogues to cancel catalogues, etc.

However, the current subsidy policy still has some imperfections. For example, the “contract subsidy” avoids the impulse of enterprises to raise prices, but it cannot reflect the encouragement of advanced and energy-saving technologies.

"The national promulgation policy should be more researched and more in-depth at the grassroots level." Zhao Yushui said that in the future, the policy can no longer spread the pepper noodles. It is necessary to increase the subsidies for new products and high-end equipment that the company first develops according to technical standards.

"Agricultural machinery purchase subsidies are still essentially 'yellow box subsidies', which will cause distortions in the market." Hu Zhichao said that the proposed subsidy policy should stabilize and improve the purchase subsidy policy in the short term, and consider withdrawing in the medium and long term.

Financial capital: I have to push hard

Sugar cane harvester 1.5 million yuan, large tractor 800,000 yuan ... a high-end agricultural machine can almost "smash" the city's small white-collar private car, such an expensive agricultural machine, how to buy farmers?

"We will focus on strengthening business model innovation during the '13th Five-Year Plan' period." Wang Jinfu told reporters that they are promoting two marketing models and hope to open up the market for high-end agricultural machinery.

One is to introduce social capital to set up a leasing company, and the peasants need to rent one to go home when needed; the other is to guarantee financial guarantees, installment payments, and rent sales for farmers.

The Yituo Group, where Zhao Yushui is located, also vigorously promotes this business, but he is very entangled. "Our financial company can provide guarantees, but the farmers' collateral is still too small. If the government can establish a guarantee fund, it would be better."

It has been reported that there are currently 80 million agricultural operators in China. How to do this financial business has already attracted the attention of social capital, and a variety of new business models are constantly emerging and innovating.

"We now have more than 1,400 sets of agricultural machinery, of which 50% are farmers with machines." Tan Lunwei, deputy of the National People's Congress and director of the Hubei Chunhui Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative, said that by releasing the information on agricultural machinery operation services in a timely manner, the "menu type" is used. The nanny-type “flow transformation” three service modes, the cooperative signed a large number of agricultural machinery operation service contracts with the farmers in the surrounding counties and cities.

However, as a spokesperson for grassroots peasants, Tan Lunwei also bluntly said, "The flow of funds is profit-seeking. Agriculture is a weak industry, at the bottom of the capital chain, and the scale of agricultural operations has been small, especially for financial institutions such as banks. The credit mortgage of farmers is basically shielded, and there is a big gap in funding."

Therefore, delegates generally believe that financial institutions should be established to invest in risk compensation mechanisms for innovation investment, and the financial sector should set up an “innovation investment risk compensation fund” for the financial sector to solve the worries of the financial sector and realize the “machine substitution” of Chinese agriculture at an early date.

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