Effect of cysteamine on growth of piglets
Abstract: This paper studied the effects of two cysteamine preparations treated by microcapsules and sustained release technology on the growth of piglets. The test results showed that 120 mg of cysteamine No. 1 or No. 2 was added per kilogram of feed and fed continuously and uninterruptedly. For piglets of 11-31 kg body weight, the following effects could be obtained: increasing daily gain 9.40%, 13.17%; improved feed conversion efficiency of 5.75%, 8.85%. No adverse effects on feeding and fur health.
Key words: cysteamine; piglets; growth
The research and development of safe and efficient growth-promoting feed additives has always played an important role in animal production. With the concern about the safety of animal products, the long-term use of growth promoters, especially antibiotics and chemical synthesis. Drugs are constantly being questioned.
Cysteamine (CS), β-mercaptoethylamine, is a biologically active substance with multiple functions in animals. It is a decarboxylation product of cysteine ​​and is a component of coenzyme A. Since szabo et al. (1981) found that cysteamine can deplete somatostain (SS) in animals, attempts to regulate animal growth through neuroendocrine pathways have been widely carried out, and cysteamine has become a novel growth promoter. Research hotspots. Many studies at home and abroad have shown that cysteamine mainly reduces the inhibitory effect of SS on the digestive system by reducing the SS concentration in animals, especially the inhibition of SS on the endocrine hormones GH and IGF, and achieves a significant growth-promoting effect. Although cysteamine has an excellent growth-promoting effect, in production practice, different doses of cysteamine, different ways of using, and different treatments of cysteamine product types have a greater impact on the comprehensive feeding effect after use. Therefore, it is of great value to continuously accumulate technical research materials on the effects of dosage, use and different types of products on animals, and to scientifically guide the production and application of such physiological regulators. This test is based on this purpose. The experiment was conducted from July to September 2003 (50 days in total) at the Hunan Agricultural University Pig Farm.
1 Materials and methods
1.1 Test materials
Cysteamine: cysteamine No. 1, cysteamine No. 2, each containing 30% cysteamine hydrochloride. Uniform white particles with a fineness of 60 mesh. Both products, cysteamine hydrochloride, are treated by microcapsules (using low temperature micro-adhesion and microcapsule technology). The product has good stability in feed processing and storage, and has a sustained release function. The product is provided by Hangzhou Gaocheng Biological Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd.
Test animals: 45 pigs with the same breeds, similar ages, and similarly weaned F1 piglets.
1.2 Test grouping
Using a single factor random grouping method, 45 piglets were divided into three treatments according to body weight and sex, with 3 replicates per treatment and 5 pigs per replicate. The first treatment group was the control group, and the basal diet was used; the second and third treatment groups were the experimental group, and the cysts were added to the basal diet, and the premix 2 was 400 mg/kg (potency). It is 120 mg/kg).
1.3 Test diet
The test diet formula is based on the Chinese lean meat pig breeding standard (GB8471-87), combined with the actual design of the farm. The ratio of raw materials and main nutrient levels are shown in Table 1.
1.4 Feeding management
The pig house is fully enclosed, with an area of ​​2.7╳2.0 meters per floor. The ground is a combination of some cement entities and slats. Pigs are free to eat and drink freely. According to repeated records of pig feeding, individual fasting was performed at the beginning and end of the test, and pig diarrhea was recorded. Other management was carried out according to routine management of the farm.
1.5 Measurement indicators
The total weight gain of pigs was registered by ear number, the average total weight gain was calculated, and the daily weight gain was calculated. The average total feed intake and daily feed intake were calculated according to the repeated registration of feed intake; the feed/weight gain and diarrhea index (diarrhea pigs were calculated). Feeding day / total feeding day 100%).
1.6 Statistical methods
The test data was analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using Excel software.
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2 Results and analysis
2.1 Effect of cysteamine on weight gain of piglets
The results showed that the daily weight gain of the first to third groups was 372,407,421 grams, and the difference between the treatment groups was significant (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the daily gains of the second and third groups increased by 9.40% and 13.17%, respectively. The growth performance measurement is shown in Table 2.
2.2 Effect of cysteamine on feed conversion rate of piglets
The weight ratios of the first to third groups were determined to be 2.26:1, 2.13:1, and 2.06:1, respectively. Compared with the control group, the feed conversion ratios of the second and third groups were increased by 5.75% and 8.85%, respectively (P>0.05).
2.3 Effect of cysteamine on feed intake of piglets
It was observed that the addition of cysteamine No. 1 and No. 2 premix had no adverse effect on the feeding of pigs. The feed intake of the first group was 100%, and the intake of the second and third groups was 103%. 103% (P>0.05). See Table 3 for data on feed-to-weight ratio and feed intake.
2.4 Effect of cysteamine on diarrhea in piglets
During the trial period, the diarrhea index of pigs in groups 1 to 3 was 3.33%, 1.87%, and 1.47%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the diarrhea in the second and third groups decreased by 43.84% and 55.86%, respectively. It has been observed that all diarrhea occurs as a non-serious loose stool with few watery stools. The evaluation of specific diarrhea in each group is shown in Table 4.
3 Conclusion
In piglet diets, cysteamine treated with microcapsules and sustained-release technology has a significant effect on the growth rate of piglets under the conditions of small dose and uninterrupted use, and the feed conversion efficiency is also improved. At the same time, it has a certain effect on reducing diarrhea.
Cysteamine is a physiological regulator that regulates the growth of animals through the neuroendocrine pathway, mainly to effectively eliminate somatostatin in the body to promote growth. This study proves that the effect is remarkable. The use of cysteamine in feeds is less expensive than the use of exogenous injection of growth hormone (GH), growth hormone releasing factor (GHRF) or the use of somatostatin genetically engineered vaccines, and is treated with microcapsules and sustained release techniques. The cystamine product has the advantages of stable performance, good fluidity, storage resistance and convenient use, high application value and good promotion prospect.
In the long run, as an ideal growth promoter, there is still a lot of work to be done around cysteamine research and development. Research on the effects of this type of cysteamine product on pig digestion and metabolism, related hormones, and biochemical indicators is continuing.
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