Anhui Science and Technology are to provide long-term professional Anhui stainless steel processing, stainless steel processing Hefei, Anhui stainless steel products, stainless steel products Hefei, Anhui sheet metal processing, stainless steel laser cutting, extensive use of stainless steel. We have always insisted on the selection of stainless steel materials produced by large factories (mainly stainless steel from Taigang) and purchased through formal channels. Some customers are advised to make reasonable selections to ensure that the products processed for the customers can meet the needs of the customers and be responsible to the customers.     The difficulties in processing stainless steel in Anhui mainly include the following aspects: 1. High cutting force and high cutting temperature This type of material has high strength, large tangential stress during cutting, and large plastic deformation, so the cutting force is large. In addition, the material has extremely poor thermal conductivity, which causes the cutting temperature to rise, and the high temperature tends to concentrate in a narrow area near the cutting edge of the tool, thereby accelerating the wear of the tool. 2. Hard work hardening Austenitic stainless steels and some high-alloy stainless steels are austenitic structures. The work hardening tendency is large when cutting, usually several times that of ordinary carbon steel. The cutting of the tool in the work hardening zone shortens the tool life. 3. Easy to stick knife Both austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel have the characteristics of strong chipping and high cutting temperature during processing. When the strong chips flow through the rake face, the sticking phenomenon such as bonding and welding will occur, which affects the surface roughness of the machined parts. 4. Tool wear is accelerated The above materials generally contain high melting point elements, large plasticity, high cutting temperature, which accelerates tool wear, frequent sharpening and tool change, thereby affecting production efficiency and increasing tool use cost.     Anhui stainless steel processing parts processing technology     The processing technology of Anhui stainless steel and related tool parameters should be quite different from ordinary structural steel materials. The specific processing techniques are as follows: Drilling processing In the drilling process, due to the poor thermal conductivity of Anhui stainless steel processing materials, the elastic modulus is small, and the hole processing is also difficult. To solve the hole machining problem of such materials, it is mainly to select the appropriate tool material to determine the reasonable tool geometry and the cutting amount of the tool. When drilling the above materials, the drills should generally use drill bits made of W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, W2Mo9Cr4Co8, etc. The disadvantages of these drill bits are that they are expensive and difficult to purchase. When using the commonly used W18Cr4V common standard high-speed steel drill bit, the shortcomings are small, the chips are too wide, the holes cannot be discharged in time, the cutting fluid can not cool the drill bit in time, and the thermal conductivity of the stainless steel material is poor, resulting in concentration. The cutting temperature on the cutting edge is increased, which tends to cause burns and chipping of the two flank faces and the main edge, which reduces the service life of the drill bit. (1) Tool geometry parameter design When drilling with W18Cr4V ordinary high-speed steel drill bit, the cutting force and cutting temperature are concentrated on the drill tip. In order to improve the durability of the cutting part of the drill bit, the apex angle can be appropriately increased. Choose 135 ° ~ 140 °, the increase of the apex angle will also reduce the front angle of the outer edge, the drill cuttings narrow, in order to facilitate chip removal. However, after the apex angle is increased, the chisel edge of the drill bit is widened, resulting in an increase in cutting resistance. Therefore, the chisel chisel edge must be ground. After the grinding, the slant angle of the chisel edge is 47° to 55°, and the rake angle of the chisel edge is 3°～5°, when grinding the chisel edge, the cutting edge should be rounded at the corner of the cylindrical surface to increase the strength of the chisel edge. Due to the small elastic modulus of the stainless steel material, the metal elasticity under the chip layer is restored, and the work hardening is severe during the processing. The back angle is too small, which will accelerate the wear of the flank of the drill bit, and increase the cutting temperature and reduce the life of the drill bit. Therefore, the relief angle should be appropriately increased, but the back angle is too large, which will make the main edge of the drill bit thin and reduce the rigidity of the main edge, so the relief angle should be 12°-15°. In order to narrow the drill cuttings and facilitate the chip removal, it is also necessary to open the staggered distribution grooves on the two flank faces of the drill bit. (2) Cutting amount When drilling is selected, the cutting amount should be selected from the basic point of lowering the cutting temperature, because high-speed cutting will increase the cutting temperature, and high cutting temperature will increase the tool wear, so the most important cutting amount The choice is the cutting speed. In general, the cutting speed is preferably 12 to 15 m/min. Feed has little effect on tool life, but too small a feed rate will cause the tool to cut in the hardened layer, which will aggravate the wear; if the feed is too large, the surface roughness will be deteriorated. In combination with the above two factors, the feed amount is preferably selected from 0.32 to 0.50 mm/r. (3) Cutting fluid selection In order to reduce the cutting temperature during drilling, an emulsion can be used as the cooling medium. 2. Reaming (1) Tool geometry parameter design Most of the reaming of stainless steel materials uses carbide reamer. The structure and geometric parameters of the reamer are different from those of a normal reamer. In order to enhance the strength of the teeth and prevent chip clogging during reaming, the number of teeth of the reamer is generally small. The rake angle of the reamer is generally 8 ° ~ 12 °, but in some specific cases, in order to achieve high-speed reaming, 0 ° ~ 5 ° rake angle can also be used; the back angle is generally 8 ° ~ 12 °; Generally, the through hole is 15° to 30°, and the through hole is 45°. When the hole is reamed, the blade inclination angle can be appropriately increased. The blade inclination angle is generally 10 °～20°; the width of the land is 0.1～0.15mm; the inverted cone on the reamer should be larger than the ordinary reamer, the hard alloy reamer is generally 0.25～0.5mm/100mm, and the high speed steel reamer is 0.1～0.25mm/ 100mm; the length of the reamer correction part is generally 65% ​​to 80% of the ordinary reamer, and the length of the cylindrical part is 40% to 50% of the ordinary reamer. (2) Selection of cutting amount When the reaming hole is used, the feed amount is 0.08~0.4mm/r, the cutting speed is 10~20m/min, the coarse hinge allowance is 0.2~0.3mm, and the fine hinge allowance is 0.1~0.2mm. Carbide tools should be used for rough hinges and high speed steel tools for fine hinges. (3) Selection of cutting fluid When reaming stainless steel material, the oil of full loss system or molybdenum disulfide can be used as the cooling medium.
3. Boring processing (1) Tool material selection Due to the large cutting force and high cutting temperature when machining stainless steel parts, the tool material should be selected as high-quality YW or YG-type hard alloy with high thermal conductivity. YT14 and YT15 carbide inserts are also available for finishing. Ceramic materials can be used for batch processing of the above-mentioned material parts. Because of the characteristics of such materials, the toughness is large and the work hardening is serious. The chips cutting these materials are generated in the form of unit chips, which will cause the tool to vibrate and easily cause the blade to be slightly generated. The phenomenon of collapse, so the first choice for ceramic tools to cut such material parts is microscopic toughness. At present, Sialon is a good choice, especially α/βSialon material, which is attracting attention due to its excellent resistance to high temperature deformation and diffusion wear. It has been successfully used in cutting nickel-based alloys, and its service life is far more than Al2O3-based ceramics. In addition, SiC whisker reinforced ceramics are also a very effective tool material for cutting stainless steel or nickel based alloys. For the processing of quenched parts of such materials, CBN (cubic boron nitride) inserts can be used. The hardness of CBN is second only to diamond, and the hardness can reach 7000-8000 HV. Therefore, the wear resistance is very high. Compared with diamond, the outstanding advantage of CBN is Heat resistance is much higher than diamond, up to 1200 ° C, can withstand high cutting temperatures. In addition, its chemical inertness is very large, and it does not play a chemical role with the iron group metal at 1200-1300 °C, so it is very suitable for processing stainless steel materials. Its tool life is dozens of times that of cemented carbide or ceramic tools. (2) Tool geometry parameter design Tool geometry parameters play an important role in its cutting performance. In order to make the cutting light and smooth, the carbide tool should adopt a larger front angle to improve the tool life. Generally, when roughing, the front angle is 10°-20°, 15°-20° for semi-finishing, and 20°-30° for finishing. The main declination is selected based on the fact that when the process system is rigid, it can take 30° to 45°; if the process system has poor rigidity, it takes 60 to 75°. When the ratio of the length to the diameter of the workpiece exceeds 10 times, 90 can be taken. °. When boring stainless steel with ceramic tools, in most cases, ceramic tools are cut with a negative rake angle. The size of the rake angle should generally be -5 ° ~ -12 °. This is conducive to strengthening the blade and giving full play to the superiority of the ceramic tool with high compressive strength. The size of the back angle directly affects the tool wear and has an effect on the edge strength. It is generally selected from 5° to 12°. The change in the lead angle affects the variation of the radial and component cutting forces as well as the cutting width and the thickness of the cutting. Because the vibration of the process system is extremely unfavorable to the ceramic tool, the choice of the lead angle is beneficial to reduce this vibration, generally 30 ° ~ 75 °. When CBN is selected as the tool material, the tool geometry parameters are 0°~10° for the rake angle, 12°～20° for the back angle, and 45°～90° for the main angle. (3) The roughness value of the rake face should be small to avoid the phenomenon of chip sticking. The front and back flank of the tool should be carefully sharpened to ensure a small roughness value, thus reducing the chip outflow resistance and avoiding Chip sticky knife. (4) The cutting edge of the tool should be sharp. The cutting edge of the tool should be sharp to reduce the work hardening. The feed amount and the amount of the backing knife should not be too small to prevent the cutting of the tool in the hardened layer and affect the service life of the tool. (5) Pay attention to the grinding of the chipbreaker Due to the toughness of the stainless steel chip, the chipbreaker on the tool rake face should be properly grounded, so that the cutting process can interrupt the chip, chip and chip. (6) Selection of cutting amount According to the characteristics of stainless steel material, it is recommended to use low speed and large feed for cutting. When using ceramic tools for boring, the reasonable choice of cutting amount is one of the keys to fully exploit the performance of ceramic tools. When cutting ceramic tools, the cutting amount can be selected according to the relationship between wear durability and cutting amount; for interrupted cutting, the reasonable cutting amount should be determined according to the tool damage law. Due to the superior heat resistance and wear resistance of ceramic knives, the influence of cutting amount on tool wear life is smaller than that of cemented carbide tools. In general, when machining with ceramic tools, the feed rate is most sensitive to the damage of the tool. Therefore, according to the nature of the workpiece material, under the premise of machine tool power, process system stiffness and blade strength, when cutting stainless steel parts, choose high cutting speed, large backing knife amount and relatively small advance. Give the amount. (7) The selection of cutting fluid should be suitable. Because stainless steel has the characteristics of easy adhesion and poor heat dissipation, it is very important to use cutting fluid with good adhesion and heat dissipation in boring. For example, use cutting fluid with high chlorine content. And a mineral oil-free, acid-free aqueous solution with good cooling, cleaning, rust and lubrication, such as H1L-2 synthetic cutting fluid. By adopting the above-mentioned process method, the processing difficulty of the processing of stainless steel in Anhui can be overcome , the tool life of the stainless steel during drilling, reaming and boring is greatly improved, the number of sharpening and tool change in operation is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Satisfactory results can be obtained in terms of the quality of the hole processing, the labor intensity of the workers, and the production cost.
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