Learn to use simple methods to accept paint construction
Brushing paint refers to painting the top with oily paints and enamel paints. It is mostly used for the top decoration of kitchens and bathrooms in home renovations. It can also be used for algae ceilings and PVC ceilings. The following describes the construction specifications for the top paint, the construction specifications for wood surface contaminated oil, the common quality problems of clean oil brushing, mixed oil brushing, and handling techniques, etc.
Mixed oil painting construction and acceptance
1, the top of the paint construction specifications
Brushing paint refers to painting the top with oily paints and enamel paints. It is mostly used for painting the top of kitchens and bathrooms in home renovations. It can also be used for algae ceilings and PVC ceilings. Its construction is mainly divided into three stages: bottom layer treatment, brushing coating and coating finishing.
The bottom layer is mainly composed of bottom layer cleaning, degreasing, repairing the top defects, and scraping and finding equal processes. To ensure the smoothness of the top, putty should be scraped at least twice. Brush the primer before applying the coating. The topcoat should be brushed at least twice. After every coat of paint is dry, it should be repaired with putty and sandpaper, and the damper on the paint film should be wiped with a damp cloth and then painted again. Coating finishing includes grinding, polishing and other processes. When sanding the surface, use water sandpaper. When polishing, clean the surface with a clean soft cloth and sand. The top paint is a very professional construction project. Only strict observance of construction regulations can guarantee the construction quality.
2. Specification for construction of wooden surface oil
Mixed oil painting on the surface of wood is one of the most commonly used decoration methods in home decoration. Contaminated oil refers to paints and paints such as tempering lacquer, enamel, etc. The surface of the wood is painted and decorated so that the surface of the instrument loses its original color and patterns. It is especially suitable for poor tree species and has flaws in the material facing but does not affect When used, it can achieve a more perfect decoration effect. In the modern style of decoration, due to the change of wood color, the color is more abundant, and the material cost can be saved. It is more widely used by young people and has become widely used. It has gradually become a decorative finish in home decoration. An important part of.
The standard procedure for the mixing of wood surfaces is to first clean the dust on the surface of the base layer, repair the base layer, level it with a matte paper, and paint at the thrift. Then scratch the putty and apply a dry oil. Put the primer on the first pass, grind the primer, brush the primer, dry the primer, dry the surface, dry the surface and repair the putty for repair, wipe the surface dry, brush the second time, paint, Polished and waxed until the desired effect is achieved.
Mixed oil painting is a construction project that is technically and technically very strong. The quality varies greatly. It is necessary to operate in strict accordance with standard procedures to ensure quality.
The following aspects should be paid special attention to the mixing of oil on the surface of woodware:
(1) When processing at the grassroots level, in addition to cleaning debris from the grassroots, local putty inlay should be carried out to repair the flatness of the grass-roots level. For the defective parts such as holes, knots, and lifts on the surface of the material, putty leveling is used. , and then full of putty, full of sandpaper, sandpaper should be polished along the wood grain.
(2) Apply a paint sheet (shellac paint) to the bottom of the joints with large color difference and wood grease before painting the surface layer. In order to improve the adhesion between the grass-roots level and the surface layer, dry oil or mooring should be applied at the grass-roots level, and the dry oil layer should be brushed evenly across all parts of the base. No brushing is allowed. It is commonly referred to as brush-base mooring, and it guarantees the quality of brushing. The key role.
(3) After the base oil dries out, it is full of scrape the first time putty, putty into a paste, the ratio is to reconcile the paint: turpentine: talcum powder = 6:4: amount (weight ratio). The first time putty is polished with hand-made sandpaper, and then high-strength putty is used. The ratio of high-strength putty is varnish: gypsum powder: water = 3:6:1 (by weight), and the putty is not subject to picking.
(4) When painting the surface layer paint, it should be polished with fine sandpaper first. If defects are found, they can be repaired with putty and then polished with fine sandpaper. The last time before the paint brushing, the previous film should be ground with water sandpaper to smooth the surface and brush it. If the device (doors and windows) has exposed outdoor parts, paint with exterior paints with better weather resistance and water resistance should be used, but be careful to match with the previous one.
3, acceptance of mixed oil brushing
The type of paint used shall meet the design requirements. The color of the brushing surface shall be the same and there shall be no traces of brush marks. There shall be no peeling, brushing, anti-rusting, whitening, bottoming, falling, wrinkling, wrinkling, or uneven color. Defects, pull line inspection decoration line, color line straight, error is less than 1 mm, used to touch the paint surface is smooth, no block feel, wood adjacent hardware, glass and walls clean, no traces of oil.
4, common oil quality problems and treatment methods
(1) Top Paint Brushing: The common quality problems of top paint painting include bottom penetration, anti-alkali, cracking, and uneven coating.
Through the bottom: The main reason is that the grassroots improper handling and paint thinning, lack of hiding caused, the prevention and treatment method is to clean up the oil, rust, etc. when the grassroots treatment, the construction of the paint to adjust the consistency is appropriate, if the transfer is diluted , can be solved by increasing the number of brushing.
Anti-alkali: Mainly because the base layer is wet, the top base must be dry before application. If there is anti-alkali, it should be reworked and repaired. When the grass is dry, puttying will be done and the painting operation will be carried out.
Cracking: It is caused by the shrinkage of putty. The main reason is that before the construction, the putty was not completely dry and the putty was scraped again. The second time the putty was not dried, the paint was applied, causing cracking in the back layer of the putty. The construction should wait for the putty to dry again and then scrape it again. The thickness of the putty should not exceed 2 mm. Rework and repair should be scraped first cracked, and then putty scraper, putty and then painted finish.
The top is not smooth: The main reason is that in addition to the unsatisfactory base treatment, the paint is too thick and the thickness of the coating is also an important reason. In addition to the prevention and treatment methods, the primary treatment must be smooth and clean, and the consistency of the paint adjustment during construction should be appropriate. The paint brush should be thin every time to prevent accumulation. When repairing, leveling can be done with fine sandpaper.
(2) Mixed oil brushing on wood surface: The common quality defects of brushed oil on wood surface include falling, brushing, bleed, blistering, wrinkles, and rough coating, among which falling, brushing, wrinkles and coating The causes of rough film and its treatment methods are basically the same as that of varnishes, which can be solved by referring to the methods provided by the clean oil construction section. Focus here to solve the problem of blistering and bleeding.
Foaming: It is caused by the high moisture content of the wood or the wood itself contains grease, especially when the big core board is directly painted and mixed with oil. Outside the poor, the construction environment is too high, the surface of the wood is dry, and the inner layer is not dry yet. During the construction, it is necessary to ensure that the wood is dry and completely removes the grease from the wood. During the operation, it is necessary to wait until the upper layer of the coating is completely dry before painting. When repairing, air bubbles should be removed and the bottom layer should be cleaned. After drying, brush 107 glue and putty putty. After the putty is dry, apply a brush to the surface.
Bleeding: Mainly due to the penetration of dyestuffs, wood grease or the underlying color deeper than the surface layer in the wood. The method of prevention and treatment is that during construction, the color of the surface layer should be deeper than the bottom layer, and the parts with high dye and lignin content in the wood, such as thrift, must be sealed with the paint film. If bleed occurs, polish the paint before repairing, and then paint again.
5. Estimated duration of mixed oil painting
Mixed oil painting is a high-tech construction project. It takes a lot of man-hours to work. Generally, all three rooms, two halls, and all wooden furniture paintings require about 10 days of time, and the grassroots treatment is about 2 days. Mixed oil painting is 3 times for 8 days. Around, there are process waiting times. Depending on the quality level of the paint, the number of wood furniture, and the drying time of the materials used, the schedule will vary. Mixed oil painting, can not work with other dusty jobs.
The construction and acceptance of clear oil brushing
1, the content of oil brushing
The clean oil brushing is one of the basic methods for the finishing of doors and windows, protective skirts, heating covers, and matching furniture in home decoration. The clean oil brush can keep the wood's original pattern on the basis of changing the color of the wood. The decorative style is natural, simple and elegant. Although the construction period is longer, the application is very common.
2, clear oil brushing procedures
Wood surface oil painting is a highly technical construction project. Its standard construction procedures are: cleaning the surface of the wood surface → sandpaper polishing → on the mooring powder → grinding sandpaper → full scrape the first time putty, sandpaper polishing → full scraping The second time putty, fine sandpaper polishing → brushing oil → brush the first time varnish → fight to find the color, repair putty, fine sandpaper polishing → brush the second time varnish, fine sandpaper → brush the third time varnish , Polishing → After the effect is satisfied, the sandpaper is polished to fade, waxed and polished.
The quality of wood surface oil clean construction varies greatly, and it can reflect the professional skills of the operators. It must be operated strictly in accordance with the standard procedures to ensure the decorative effect and quality of the paint.
3, grass-roots processing before cleaning
Polishing the base layer is an important procedure for painting the varnish. First remove dust, oil, and other impurities from the surface of the wooden device. Put nails, nails, and other caps into the lmm within the wooden device as required. When sanding the sandpaper, the sandpaper should be wrapped around the short wood and the edges should be polished and polished, and the surface should be cleaned with damp cloth or cotton.
The upper oil powder is also an important process for varnish painting. The oil powder is obtained by adding large pigment 2 gasoline 2 varnish=l22821 (mass ratio) to the color material, and mixing and stirring to make it. The consistency is a thin paste. During the construction, smear on the surface of the woodware with cotton silk oil powder. Rub it back and forth with your hand. Rub the oil powder into the eye of the wood and ask the surface of the instrument to be exposed. Office, or will be painted after varnish. After the oil powder is slightly dry, the oil powder is wiped with a burlap or wood shavings. The corners of the wire are scraped with a scraper and no residual blocky oil can be found. After the oil powder is dry, lightly grind it with a No. 1 sandpaper along the grain of the wood, grind the corners of the wire, and grind the surface until the surface is smooth. However, do not grind all the oil on the edges and corners. Oil the powder, dry it and grind it again. Wipe it with a damp cloth or cotton. The scraping putty is made by adding appropriate amount of water with gypsum powder 2 Varnish = 2027 (volume ratio). The amount of pigment added should be slightly lighter than other parts. The scraper should be scraped into the nail hole with a knife or a scraper. Joints, etc., wipe horizontally to wipe, wipe light, receive the net, dry thoroughly with sandpaper along the wood grain lightly polished, wipe with a damp cloth or cotton.
4, clean oil brushing construction specifications
When brushing oil, the brush should be easy and natural to facilitate flexible and convenient movement. Generally, the brush handle is held by three fingers, and the finger is gently pressed to move without loosening or brushing. When brushing, it is necessary to follow the requirements of multiple times, less time for each time, and diligent brushing operation. In accordance with the requirements of first up and down, first after difficulty, first left and right, first inside and then outside, then vertical brushing. Shun operation method construction. When the varnish is applied on the first pass, a certain amount of thinner dilute paint should be added to make the paint film dry quickly. When operating, brush the brush along the pattern, vertically and evenly, and then straighten along the direction of the grain. The paint film is required to be uniform, no brush is leaked, and no flow is required. After the oil is completely dried and hardened, it is polished with sandpaper. When polished, it is required to polish all the light on the paint film to increase the degree of adhesion with the subsequent paint. After grinding, clean it with a damp cloth or cotton.
After the first varnish is brushed, the veneer should be sorted and repaired. There is obvious unevenness. The oily putty can be repaired with the same color as the varnish. If the surface of the timber 1 is frugal, dark spots and large When the paint surface is inconsistent, the oil color of the desired color should be formulated, and the colors should be covered and repaired to ensure that there is no large color difference in the finish.
When brushing the varnish a second time, do not add any thinner. When brushing, you must have a full brush. The paint film can be slightly thicker. When operating, you should brush several times in the horizontal and vertical directions to make it even and bright. When it is time to quit, immediately use the brush to straighten the direction of the original brush. After the paint has dried completely, press the first pass of the paint to polish it and apply it to the third time.
Surface polishing and waxing is a further modification of the finish, and is also an important difference between high-grade paint engineering and general paint engineering. When polishing, first grind with water-based sandpaper and soapy water, start with No. 320 water sandpaper, and finally with No. 600 water sandpaper. Use uniform force during grinding and ensure that the entire paint film is ground. Then use sand wax (polishing paste) on a soft cloth and rub repeatedly on the surface of the paint film. The sand liquid on the soft cloth should not be too much, and the action should be quick when rubbing. When the surface is smooth and smooth, polish the wax and use cotton to polish the wax to wipe a thin layer on the surface of the paint film.
5, the environmental requirements of oil brushing
When veneers are painted on the surface of wood, the requirements on the environment are high. When the environment cannot meet the required standards, the quality of the project will be affected.
The brushing site requires cleanliness and no dust. Before brushing, it should be thoroughly cleaned. Air circulation should be strengthened when brushing. During the operation, the ground is often splashed with water, and it must not cross work with dust-producing work. Therefore, painting varnish should be carried out at the final stage of the home improvement project. Brushing should be carried out in a slightly dry climate. The temperature must be applied above 5 degrees Celsius to ensure that the paint film is dry and solid, shorten the construction period, and improve the quality of the paint film. The construction site for painting and clearing shall have better lighting conditions so as to ensure accurate color correction and no brushing during construction, and the change of the paint film can be discovered in time, so as to facilitate the solution. Therefore, in the darker environment, the lighting of the work surface should be added.
6, the acceptance of clear oil brush
The color of the clean oil brush and the type of berthing used should meet the design requirements. No brushing, peeling, spotting, wrinkling, falling, wrinkle, etc. defects of the brushing surface are allowed. The wood grain is clear and the brown eye is smoothed. Consistent color, no brush pattern, hand touch inspection surface smooth and flat, no block feel, bright and soft paint film, adjacent to the wooden hardware, glass, walls and floors clean, no traces.
7. Common oil quality problems and treatment methods
The clean oil brushing is affected by many factors. The common quality defects are flow drop, brush lines, wrinkles, pinholes, loss of light, and rough coating.
(1) The main reason for falling 2 is that the viscosity of the paint is too low, too many oil brushes are berthing or the nozzle diameter is too large, or the thinner is used improperly. The viscosity of the coating should be thick and reasonable in construction, and the thickness of the coating should be controlled every time. When brushing oil, it must be diligent. Every time it is light and hard to work, especially in the recesses and styling details, it must be brushed in a timely manner. Pay attention to the ventilation on the construction site. When repairs should wait for the paint film to dry out, smooth the paint film with a fine sandpaper, and then paint it again.
(2) Brush pattern: The main reason is that the viscosity of the paint is too large. When brushing, it does not follow the direction of the wood grain. The use of the brush is too small, the bristles are too hard and the bristles are not uniform. The construction should choose the matching diluent and a good quality brush. The viscosity of the coating should be adjusted properly. When repairing, lightly polish the paint surface with water sandpaper so that the paint surface is smooth and then paint it again.
(3) Wrinkles: mainly due to high temperature or sun exposure when the brush is applied or after painting, the surface layer shrinks and the inner layer is not dry, or the film may be too thick. The construction should be avoided under high temperature and sun exposure conditions. Diluent may be added appropriately according to the temperature change. Each time the paint brush must be thin. After appearance of wrinkles, it should be polished with sandpaper after the film is dry and repainted.
(4) Pinhole: The main reason is that the paint has a large viscosity, the temperature at the construction site is too low, the paint has bubbles, and the paint contains impurities. Applicable varnish should be purchased according to climatic conditions to avoid construction on low temperatures and windy days. The viscosity of the varnish should not be too large. After adding the diluent, it should be stopped for a period of time and then used again.
(5) Loss of light: The main reason is that the air humidity during construction is too high, the paint is smoked when the paint is dry, and the oil treatment at the grassroots level is not thorough. The construction should avoid the rainy, severe cold and humid environment, the scene is strictly prohibited smoke and dust, the base layer must be thoroughly cleaned of oil. Loss of light can occur with far-infrared radiation, or a thin layer of paint added with a moisture-repellent agent.
(6) Rough film: The main reason is poor paint quality, large dust in the construction environment, and unclean tools. In addition to the construction required by the code, good quality varnish should be selected. When repairing, smooth the paint film with sandpaper, and then apply the varnish again.
8, the estimated cost of the clean oil brushing period
Wood surface oil is a decoration project that requires a lot of man-hours and high technical level. The duration varies depending on the amount of interior finish, the complexity of the finish, the type of varnish, and the level of varnish brushing required. Take the three-bedroom and two-room home renovation as an example, including doors and windows, heating covers, wooden wall skirts, and furniture making, etc. to do varnishing, ordinary standard lacquer painting takes about 12 days, advanced wood lacquer painting takes about 14 days, This includes the process wait time. If using nitro-lacquer or alkyd varnish, due to the quick-drying lacquer, the recoating time interval is short and the duration can be shortened.
Construction and acceptance of latex paint
1, the construction specifications of the ceiling latex paint
The top latex paint is mostly used for algae ceilings and original top trims. The construction is divided into three stages: bottom layer treatment, brushing and sealing primer, and brushing topcoat. The standard procedures are: sweeping the basement → filling the putty, partially scraping the putty, rubbing the surface → the first pass of the putty, smoothing the surface → the second pass of the putty, smoothing the surface → applying the brushing and sealing primer → brushing the first time Paint → Putty replenishment, leveling → brushing the second pass paint → polish and live.
Since the veneers of suspended ceilings are gypsum boards or wood, in the handling of the base layer, the nail caps and nail holes for attaching the decorative panels should be emphasized, and the joints of the gypsum board facings must be provided with glass fiber mesh belts. The top latex paint finish is brushed at least twice. After each pass, putty should be repaired and lightly polished with sandpaper. Clean the surface float with a dry cloth and brush it again. Although the top latex paint is not very technical, it must be followed in order to obtain a satisfactory result.
2, wall latex paint construction specifications
(1) Construction Procedure: The standard procedure for wall paint painting is the same as that for top latex paint. The main difference between it and the top painting is that there are differences in the basic treatment and construction methods. Please refer to the top latex paint specification program.
(2) Technical Essentials z Wall latex paint is the most commonly used method in home decoration paint construction. The construction should pay special attention to the following issues:
Grass-roots treatment is the key to ensure the quality of construction. Among them, it is the most basic condition to ensure that the wall is completely dry, because the cement used for cement is not strongly cured before it is hardened. At this time, the latex paint must be anti-alkali. When the cement mortar hardens, the basic value drops sharply, and the latex paint can be applied at this time. The drying time varies depending on weather conditions and should generally be kept for more than 10 days. The wall surface must be flat and at least scraped twice. If it still fails to meet the standards, it should be scraped to meet the standard requirements.
The method of applying the latex paint may use hand brush, roller coating and spray coating. Among them, the loss of the hand brush material is less, and the quality is also more assured. It is a method used more often in home decoration. However, the hand brush has a longer period of time, so it can be combined with the roller coating. The specific method is: a large area is the use of roller coating, and the corner part is used with the hand brush, which not only improves the brushing efficiency, but also guarantees the brushing quality. When the latex paint is applied, it must be fully stirred before it can be used. When it is used for color matching, it is necessary to choose an alkali-resistant, light-resistant color paste to be mixed into the paint, and it is forbidden to mix dry paint into the paint. After the emulsion paint with color paste is mixed, it must be stirred for at least 5 minutes, so that the color can be used after the construction.
Hand brush latex paint using a row of pens, row pens should be soaked with water, wet, clean up the fallen bristles before use. The first pass of latex paint should be diluted with water and brushed. The brushing is done first and then down. A row of pens and a row of pens should be brushed. The rear row of pens must be immediately adjacent to the previous row of pens. Pen paint can not be too much. When brushing the second time, less water should be added than the first pass to increase the consistency of the paint and increase the hiding power of the paint film. The specific amount of water should be determined according to the consistency of different brands of latex paint. When the paint film is not dry, do not clean the lint on the wall with your hands. It should be dried and polished with fine sandpaper. No matter how many times it is brushed, the last time it should be brushed up and down, from one end of the wall to the other end, the joint part must be connected and brushed, and the brushes should be straightened. The brush should not be too big. When brushing, it should be operated continuously and quickly, once brushing, and not in the middle.
The roller coating is the use of paint enamel for coating, the technical essentials are: the paint is mixed evenly, the viscosity is adjusted to be suitable for construction, poured into a part of the flat paint tray, the paint is picked up in the tray, and the rolling bowl is made The coating is evenly and evenly attached to the cartridge. When finishing the wall surface, first move the feathers up and down in a W-shape, apply the paint roughly to the wall, and then press and hold the bowl to make it slide tightly back and forth and left and right to make the paint evenly spread. Roll the barrel in one direction. When the roller is applied to the joint, the empty tweezers not coated with the paint should be used to roll it over again to avoid unevenness in the joints.
Spraying is the use of pressure or compressed air, spray paint on the wall through the spray gun, its operating technique essentials: First, the air compressor spray pressure should be adjusted, generally in the range of 0.4 to 0.8 MPa, the specific construction should be Coating product instructions for use. During the spraying operation, the spray gun should be steady, the paint outlet should be perpendicular to the coated surface, and the spray gun should be kept parallel to the coated surface when moving. The speed of the spray gun is appropriate and should be consistent. Generally, the speed should be uniform between 400 and 600 mm per minute. .
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