Firefighters' safety precautions in firefighting and emergency rescue

Abstract: In recent years, in the process of rapid economic development, the importance of fire prevention and complexity have become increasingly prominent in the great practice of building a moderately prosperous society, the basis of economic and social environment on the development of great changes in In the face of disasters, it is necessary to comprehensively study the various situations that arise during the fire fighting and rescue work, increase investment, and improve the level of safety management. How to deal with complex fires, adopt scientific strategies, and decisively launch combat operations are questions that any fire officer must think about, especially those concerning the safety of firefighters. The lessons are very profound. The author elaborates on the matters that should be paid attention to in the fight against fire and rescue.

Keywords: fire extinguishing; emergency rescue; safety; protective measures

1 Common situations that cause firefighters to be injured or killed in fire fighting and emergency rescue

Vehicle accident. In the process of commuting, vehicle accidents are caused due to various factors such as the existence of hidden faults, lack of attention to the driver, unfamiliarity with surrounding routes, overly narrow roads, poor road conditions, weather conditions, and malfunctioning directions.

Heavy smoke and other hazards are very great. In the fire scene, smoke and hot air flow are the most frequent phenomena. In the process of continuous strengthening of urbanization, buildings are characterized by complications, the materials they use are very complex, and there are many types of interior decoration materials, many of which are flammable materials.

Building collapse accident. This is mainly due to the characteristics of steel structures that are easy to collapse. There are many items that fall from the air. Fire elevators are also prone to problems, and indoor shafts are prone to misplaced personnel.

Explosion accident caused by dangerous chemicals. In the current society, dangerous chemical explosions and leaks often cause huge casualties. At the time of the explosion, if the rescuer fails to evacuate the site in time, it is prone to huge casualties.

Accidents caused by chemical plant explosions, tank explosions, or boiling over, etc., are very damaging. When such accidents occur, the fire spreads very quickly and it is difficult to save. In the process, if the tank collapses, the nearby tanks are also prone to explosion. If the liquid stream bonfire is not effectively treated, it will be extremely prone to casualties. In addition, in the process of actual combat, it is very likely that the fire extinguishing water spray will appear boiling at high temperatures, resulting in casualties.

Failed to use protective gear scientifically. In the process of firefighting and rescue, the protective equipment used by the fire officers and soldiers can effectively protect their own safety. However, because the maintenance equipment is not properly considered in the daily routine, it is easy to operate improperly when technical training is not in place. This has led to the emergence of casualties.

The "deflagration" of the fire is dangerous. When the space is very limited, if the interior is filled with flammable gas or the flammable substances in the space are in the state of smoldering, if a large amount of air enters at the moment of opening the gap, it is easy to cause deflagration when it meets the fire source.

Electrical facilities have many hidden dangers. When the fire occurs, it should be clear that the various electrical appliances at the site are very dangerous. This is due to the great harm that will be given to human life when the current passes. In the process of high-altitude rescue, extinguishing fires near electrical appliances can easily be harmed by current and cause casualties.

2 Firefighters' Causes of Casualties in Firefighting and Emergency Rescue

( 1 ) Inexperience, improper command, and problems with the measures taken.

( 2 ) The site was not carefully scrutinized and the situation on the site was unknown.

( 3 ) The ideological consciousness is not high, and there is no necessary understanding of the danger.

( 4 ) Personal protective equipment is not worn as required and lacks self-protection awareness.

3 Firefighters' own safety precautions in fire fighting and emergency rescue

Starting from the work of safety education, we will increase safety education and raise our awareness of safety. The first is to do a good job of day-to-day safety education work, strengthen self-safety awareness, and carry out specific work at the site in strict accordance with operational requirements to ensure that all work meets safety requirements.

Strengthen training in actual combat, and comprehensively upgrade the overall quality and adaptability of fire officers and soldiers. In the course of carrying out practical application training, the firefighters' field combat capabilities have been continuously improved, and highly targeted disaster accident handling plans have been formulated to improve the firefighters' on-site resilience.

The study and research of professional knowledge should be strengthened to improve the capabilities of fire fighting and emergency rescue. Firefighters should learn and master the necessary professional knowledge and master the countermeasures when handling various emergencies.

The training and management of protective equipment should be strengthened to enhance the ability to resist danger. Participants are required to skillfully operate protective equipment so as to maximize the role of equipment. Care must be taken to maintain and protect protective equipment so that it is always in a good state of readiness.

4 Safety precautions in the process of firefighting and emergency rescue operations

4.1 Commander Decision Safety Precautions

Commanders must fully consider safety factors when making firefighting decisions. The fire commanders should adopt various methods to obtain timely and effective information on the spot in light of the actual conditions on the site, so as to formulate a scientific disaster relief plan. Only by collecting accurate information can we make correct judgments, and then use effective measures to win the initiative.

To choose the right offensive position. When fighting fires to select positions, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive observation of the buildings on the fire site to determine if serious conditions such as collapse will occur during the fire.

To improve the art of commanding and to use tactical methods flexibly and correctly, we must not apply it rigorously. We must adapt it to local conditions and apply it comprehensively. We must fully consider the various factors of the fire field and rationally select fire extinguishing agents. The "evacuation" strategy should be applied scientifically.

4.2 Combat Firefighters' Action Safety Precautions

Combat firefighters must obey orders and follow instructions. Before entering the fire, the combatants should wear personal protective equipment such as battle suits, helmets, fire boots, safety belts , safety hooks, safety ropes, waist axes , and callers. In particular, when entering the combustion chambers, combustors, basements, toxic gases, etc., where the combustion product has a large amount of smoke and poor smoke emission, wear special protective equipment such as thermal insulation suits , chemical protective clothing, and fire escape suits, and breathe with air. used in conjunction.

Combat firefighters should always raise their awareness of safety protection. They should do well in personal safety protection and pay close attention to changes in the security environment at the battle scene. Strictly comply with all safety requirements in firefighting and emergency rescue operations.

5 Conclusion

With the continuous development of society, fire fighting and rescue work has gradually become the top priority of our fire brigade. The safety management of fire fighting and rescue has become the most important task of our work. Only when we do a good job in this work can we be successful. Complete the tasks of firefighting and rescue, ensure economic development and social development, and ensure the safety of life and property of the country and the people.

This article comes from the "Technological Economic Guide" 2016.22 period.