Quantum physics can "manipulate" past events

Quantum physics can "manipulate" past events

According to a report by the Physicist Organization Network on April 24 (Beijing time), researchers from the Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the University of Vienna and the Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology have for the first time demonstrated in experiments whether two particles are entangled or separated. The quantum state can be determined after these particles are measured and no longer exist, thus realizing the simulation and manipulation of past events. The results of relevant research will be published in the latest issue of Nature-Physics.

As one of the Austrian theoretical physicists and one of the founders of quantum mechanics, Erwin Schrödinger has stated that entanglement is a special feature of quantum mechanics. It is also a key resource for emerging quantum information technology such as quantum cryptography and quantum computing.

Entangled particles show a stronger and more complex correlation than classical physics laws allow. If two particles are in an entangled quantum state, they can completely define common properties and at the cost of losing their individual properties. It's like two dice that don't have any direction in the first place. When they are in the entangled state, they will randomly show the same direction. On the contrary, if they are in separate quantum states, each of them will show their own clear orientation because Each particle has its own characteristics. In general, we would think that regardless of whether the tweeted person is entangled or not, the nature of the quantum state should be at least an objective fact of reality. The research team led by physicist Professor Anton Salinger can now prove in experiments that this is not always the case.

They implemented the “Thought Experiment” called “Delayed Entanglement Exchange”, which was proposed by Arthur Perez in 2000. In the experiment, two pairs of entangled photons can be generated and one photon in each pair will be sent to the "Victor" side. The remaining two photons, one was sent to "Alice" and one was sent to "Bob." "Victor" can now choose between two measurements. If he decides to measure his two photons in a forced entanglement, then the photon pairs of "Alice" and "Bob" will also become entangled. If "Victor" chooses to measure each particle individually, the pairs of photons of "Alice" and "Bob" will also end in seperated state.

Today's quantum optics technology can support the research team to postpone the selection and measurement of “Victor” and use “Alice” and “Bob” as reference for the behavior of its own photons. Ma Xiaosong, the main author of the study, explained that with the help of the high-speed tunable two-state analyzer and the quantum random number generator, whether photons of "Alice" and "Bob" are entangled and show quantum correlation , or in a separable state and showing traditional associations, can make decisions after they are measured.

According to Einstein's famous quote, the quantum entanglement effect will present a "ghost-like distant effect." This experiment has taken another step forward. According to the traditional concept, quantum mechanics can even simulate the future impact of past events and realize the “manipulation” of quantum for the past. (Reporter Zhang Hao)

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