Riken Research has developed a microfluidic chip electric pump using an ultrathin glass plate
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Fig. 1: Pump section provided in the branch stream that is divided from the main stream. The flow is formed by the up and down motion of the microneedle. Use a fluorescence microscope to observe in the main observation area.
Fig. 2: First press the 4 chambers of the pump part with the micro-needle, and then loosen in order from the most edge to form the flow.
Figure 3: A is a chip embedded with a micropump developed by Riken. B is a microneedle member for pressing the on-chip pump portion. C is a case where the microneedle member is mounted on the chip with a fixture. D is the back of C.
The Japan Institute of Physical Chemistry (Riken) announced on May 27, 2014 that it has succeeded in embedding a glass electric pump into a glass-made microfluidic chip using the flexibility of ultra-thin glass plates. When embedding an electric pump in a microfluidic chip, a soft resin material must be used for the part that realizes the function of the electric pump. This time, the use of glass materials successfully embeds the electric pump function. Therefore, it is possible to use organic solvents such as methanol and acetone, which were previously unusable because of easy reaction with the resin, as samples or reagents.
The microfluidic chip is formed on a resin and glass substrate of a few cm square to form a flow path with a width and depth of 1 mm or less. The purpose of the microfluidic chip is to inject a sample in the micro flow path to react the sample or observe the sample. The change. The advantage is that chemical and biochemical treatments can be performed in a small space.
The function of the micropump is to control the sample in the microfluidic chip. External micropumps are used. There are also built-in micropumps embedded in the chip. However, compared with the external type, the built-in type has the ability to achieve miniaturization. Carefully control the advantages of the sample.
The working principle of the glass built-in micro pump developed by Riken is as follows (Figure 1). First of all, in addition to the flow path (main stream) that is required to control the flow, an annular flow path (branch) that is divided from the main flow is additionally provided. A cylindrical recess having a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 50 μm was disposed at 4 positions of the branch. At the bottom of each recess, the inlet and the outlet of the tributary are arranged so that all the recesses are in a connected state in the tributary. An ultra-thin glass plate is covered above these four recesses so that the recesses form a closed space (cavity). The initial state is set to a state in which all the cavities are pressed by the microneedle from above and the pressure is applied. The portion consisting of the cavity and the microneedles forms the "pump section."
To create a flow in the tributary, loosen the microneedles starting from one side (Figure 2). In this way, the resulting tributary flow will converge with the mainstream, pushing the sample in the mainstream to the direction in which it wants to flow.
Microneedles are driven at high speed using computer-controlled actuators (Figure 3). Therefore, a soft PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) sheet is sandwiched between the two in order to mitigate the impact of the micro-aperture on the ultra-thin glass plate.
The flow rate depends on the performance of the actuator. In the experiment, a maximum of 0.80 μL per minute was achieved to achieve a practical level of flow.
By the way, Tian Zhongyang, the team leader of the integrated biological device research group of the R&D Life Systems Research Center, was responsible for this development. (Reporter: Yasuji Sato, "Nikkei Manufacturing")
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