Li Wei: Mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties to promote the energy revolution
Li Wei, director of the Development Research Center of the State Council, pointed out on the 27th of the "Financial Economics Annual Conference 2015: Forecast and Strategy" that it is necessary to strive to reach a peak in total carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and to control energy consumption in 2030 at 6 billion tons. Within the standard coal. The key task of this phase from 2030 to 2050 is to develop renewable energy into a major source of new energy supply, and to replace fossil energy such as coal and petroleum on a large scale, to achieve continuous decline in local pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions. The resource and environmental constraints in development are basically eliminated.
Li Wei said that the institutional revolution is the fundamental guarantee for the energy production revolution, the consumer revolution, and the advancement and realization of the technological revolution. The so-called institutional revolution is a major shift in deepening the reform of the economic system and realizing an energy system that takes a decisive role from the planning and command-based energy system to the market and better plays the role of the government. Through the institutional revolution to mobilize all aspects of enthusiasm, promote the realization of the energy revolution.
The first is to relax market access and promote fair competition. In the oil and gas field, all types of enterprises are encouraged to enter the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources, relax market access for oil and gas storage, transportation, and sales, and remove restrictions on imports of crude oil, refined oil, and natural gas. In the field of power, the direct purchase of electricity and the sale of electricity by large users have been implemented, and the market competition pattern of multiple buyers and sellers has been formed on the power generation side and the power sales side. Of course, while liberalizing access restrictions, we must also strengthen the supervision of product and service quality, so that competitors compete on the same standards and levels. Accelerate the separation of the competitive link and the natural monopoly link, liberalize the competitive business, and strengthen the supervision of the natural monopoly link. In-depth study of the effective management system and operation mode of oil and gas pipeline network, explore the necessity and operation mechanism of grid transmission and distribution separation.
The second is to reform the energy price formation mechanism. The core of price reform is the reform of the price formation mechanism, not just the adjustment of the price level. On-grid tariffs are gradually determined by power generation companies and large users according to bilateral contracts; transmission and distribution prices are subject to government regulation, and pricing rules that reflect the true costs of grid companies are established; residents and small and medium-sized industrial and commercial users are required to introduce peak-to-valley electricity prices and real-time electricity prices. Advance the formation of a pricing mechanism for the formation of the refined oil market, and finally realize that the relevant government departments no longer directly stipulate the price of refined oil, and instead adopt temporary intervention measures when oil prices fluctuate significantly.
He said that the current focus is on the carbon trading system based on market pricing. Based on the evaluation of the implementation effect, the necessity, method and scope of the implementation of the carbon tax are studied. Accelerate the revision of the Electricity Law and the Coal Law, formulate the Oil and Gas Law, and further study and promote energy law legislation.
Li Wei proposed that in the near term, energy total control should be implemented to promote the energy consumption revolution. Optimize energy production, transformation and utilization of structures to promote the energy production revolution. First, the energy supply structure is greatly optimized. Vigorously develop non-fossil energy sources to ensure that non-fossil energy accounts for 15% of total energy consumption by 2020. In 2030, the proportion of non-fossil energy is further increased to 20% or even higher. Increase the exploration and development of unconventional natural gas and increase the proportion of natural gas in energy production and consumption. In 2020 and 2030, the proportion of energy consumption will reach 10% and 15% respectively. Significantly reduce the proportion of coal consumption, falling to around 60% in 2020 and further falling below 50% in 2030. By 2030, coal, oil, gas, nuclear, and renewable five-pronged energy supply structures will be formed.
Second, optimize the energy use structure. Considering energy and chemical industries in a coordinated manner, oil should be mainly used to produce transportation fuels. Coal is preferentially used for power generation and promotes efficient and clean utilization of coal. Coal chemical industry mainly takes the technical route of multi-generation, and moderately develops coal-to-liquid and coal-based gas. And other projects.
Third, optimize the energy conversion structure. It is necessary to clarify the development ideas of “big power network†and distributed power system, and form a safe, reliable, economical, and green power system. Implement an energy technology strategy that emphasizes both “catch-up†and “cross-over†to promote the energy technology revolution. Formulate an energy technology roadmap that is in line with China's national conditions and global energy technology development direction, and increase research and development support for energy strategic cutting-edge technologies and major applied technologies. Increase non-conventional oil and gas exploration and development, coal gasification integrated cycle and other new generation of thermal power generation, wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, biomass energy, third and fourth generation nuclear energy, electric vehicles, distributed energy, smart grid, energy storage Research and development and commercial application of new technologies such as hydrogen energy and carbon capture and storage. Innovate organizational forms, build a public research and development platform, and promote collaborative innovation.
He said that it is necessary to strengthen international energy cooperation and ensure the security of energy supply. Accelerate the diversification of sources and channels of oil imports, and reduce the dependence of oil imports on the Middle East and transport routes on the Straits of Malacca. Encourage oil-producing oil companies and multinational oil companies to invest in China's midstream and downstream businesses, and encourage enterprises to go out and invest in upstream business and refining and other midstream businesses. Improve the reserve and emergency response capabilities, improve the national, commercial, and social multi-level oil reserve system, encourage all types of enterprises to participate in oil reserves, and accelerate the construction of oil futures trading centers.
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